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Re: [PSUBS-MAILIST] Aluminum Batteries
Hello Brent,
See the potential in long range - no combustion - volume neutral - no toxic -
energy dense -
aluminium batteries
http://www.ectechnic.co.uk/ALUMAIR.HTML
...Each kilogram of Aluminum produced represents about 14 KWh of electricity
Nickel-Manganese counter electrode
aluminimu-air battery
http://www.exo.net/~pauld/activities/AlAirBattery/alairbattery.html
...will provide over 360 Wh/Kg (>350 Wh/dm3) when discharged at a
power output in the 1 kW range. Its rated power is developed within 30
minutes of activation...
...For use in the fuel cell, however, the material needed to be
electrochemically active in the presence of the electrolyte. This has
been accomplished through alloying the aluminum with tin as well as
other proprietary elements...
...Another issue was the formation of aluminum hydroxide as a
by-product of the reaction, which would form as a gel-like substance
on the anode and reduce the reaction rate. Developments here involve
the addition of unique additives to the electrolyte that cause the
aluminum hydroxide to form in crystalline powdered form, which fall to
the bottom of the cell leaving the reaction surface on the anode clear
and active...
...The aluminum-air fuel cell is said to be up to 75 times more energy
dense than lithium-ion fuel cells...
...The article notes that "compared to lithium-ion and nickel cadmium
batteries, the aluminum-air battery provides an estimated 75 times
more energy density plus greater output over a longer battery
lifetime." To date, the Aluminum-Power battery has achieved 800Wh/kg
[watt-hours per kilogram] with peak currents of 7 amps recorded.
Aluminum-Power scientists believe that 4,000/Wh/kg is theoretically
possible...
Cheers Wil,
Quoting Brent Hartwig <brenthartwig@hotmail.com>:
Wil,
Today was the first time I had heard of aluminum batteries, so I
have allot of reading to do.
http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:GhE9dfdVm0YJ:www.hydrogenappliances.com/Hydrogendata.html+Aluminum+battery&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=2&gl=us
http://www.batteriesdigest.com/batteries_aluminum.htm
Regards,
Brent Hartwig> Date: Mon, 27 Aug 2007 10:26:38 -0700> From:
clientes@tolimared.com> To: personal_submersibles@psubs.org>
Subject: [PSUBS-MAILIST] transit/range/towing> > David Emile Joe,>
The basic problem is that if you want to do something with your sub
> that goes beyond tech talk and subber events you need RANGE.> >
What means you need either a mothership, a tow boat, or a long range
> cruising capability.> > I also experienced the behavior of not
following the tow boat when > pulled with a line in a small boat of
1 ton i built earlier this could > roughly compare with a K-boat.> >
The solution coupling sub and tow boat parallel and with fenders
helps > to make it moveable (some) with a outboard motor. In severe
wave > conditions this is highly problematic.> > Even the 20ton sub
with its streamlined shape was hard to tow for this > (not follow
properly on a line) reason - so i experimented a bit on > this
problem.> > This is the outcome:> Your boat will follow the tug if
you put a big vertical plate on its > heck that works like a fin.>
The more aft the fin is the more efficient. You also can attach a
long > plasic tube firmly to the heck (five meters at least) to
create a > similar effect. This will make the nose of your boat
follow the force > from the rope.> > I recently thought about
aluminium batteries as a way to get high > energy density for long
range cruising in a small boat.> Keeping in mind how little energy a
submerged streamlined boat needs > to move (see economic submarine
cruising on my website > (concretesubmarine.com) this could give a K
sized boat (streamline > optimized) a couple of miles of range
without the need of a combustion > engine, a mothership or a tug.> >
Anybody a opinion on Aluminium batteries ?> > Cheers Wil> >
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------> Fecha: Mon, 27 Aug 2007 09:06:08 +0200 [00:06:08 PDT]> De: Emile van Essen <emile@airesearch.nl> Holanda> Para: personal_submersibles@psubs.org> Responder-A: personal_submersibles@psubs.org> Asunto: RE: [PSUBS-MAILIST] transit> Cabeceras: Mostrar todas las cabeceras> David,> > Surface transit or towing is far from ideal with "our" type of subs.> Except for Kraka then.> The Nemo team told me that towing Nemo is not working well , even with a> ridid boom instead of a rope. Towing the sgt. Peppers the same.> The sub tend not to follow the tow boat and At higher speeds they dive.> > At sea when you have probably waves you might consider to transit> submerged.> > Regards, Emile> > -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------> Fecha: Mon, 27 Aug 2007 10:59:01 +0000 [03:59:01 PDT]> De: Joseph Perkel <joeperkel@hotmail.com> Estados Unidos> Para: personal_submersibles@psubs.org> Responder-A: personal_submersibles@psubs.org> Asunto: RE: [PSUBS-MAILIST] transit> Cabeceras: Mostrar todas las cabeceras> Emile,> > This is a recurring problem as you have noted. Several people with K > boats have reported> much trouble in this regard. The best solution, which is beyond most > psubbers, is to deck> launch via davit or A-frame.> > I have given this much thought and, as I am now likely returning to a K boat> configuration, a good potential solution is to lash the boat securely > abeam the tow> vessel to fore and aft bollards, such as this> http://www.frappr.com/?a=viewphoto&id=269116&pid=7500890&myphotos=1> > This of course, requires the tow boat to have sufficient "rudder > authority" to be able to> do this. A little tug like this, with a large slow prop and a barn > door rudder, will> likely do the trick. A outboard motor vessel, or cruiser with a spade > rudder, would not.> > The tow boat, need not be this fancy. A large prop/ rudder, with > appropriate engine /> reduc!
tion gea
r combination, on a quick ugly hull is all that's required.> > Joe> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------> Van: owner-personal_submersibles@psubs.org> [mailto:owner-personal_submersibles@psubs.org] Namens David Bartsch> Verzonden: zondag 26 augustus 2007 23:57> Aan: personal_submersibles@psubs.org> Onderwerp: [PSUBS-MAILIST] transit> > > I have given some thought as to dive site transit problems. In short, the> > actual dive site might contain a sunken ship of interest, or perhaps a> natural object of interest such as a reef containing coral formations.> This dive location could ,and probably will be, some distance from the> location that my sub will enter the body of water. You could tow the vessel> which would require a support vessel and crew, or perhaps as with Peter is> building, a boat with long range high speed surface cruising ability.> I am concidering a slower more enduring transit approach while submerged.> > A last minute battery equilize charge and air stock replenishment prior to> final dive and exploration.> How do you deploy your boat for distant dives (Say several miles)?> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------> > > > > > ************************************************************************> ************************************************************************> ************************************************************************> The personal submersibles mailing list complies with the US Federal> CAN-SPAM Act of 2003. Your email address appears in our database> because either you, or someone you know, requested you receive messages> from our organization.> > If you want to be removed from this mailing list simply click on the> link below or send a blank email message to:> removeme-personal_submersibles@psubs.org> > Removal of your email address from this mailing list occurs by an> automated process and should be complete within five minutes of> our server rece!
iving yo
ur request.> > PSUBS.ORG> PO Box 53> Weare, NH 03281> 603-529-1100> ************************************************************************> ************************************************************************>
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