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 Here's a little thought that's been rolling around in the back of my mind 
in one form or another for a while. 
How would a guy add a diesel motor to a small psub size sub without a major 
re-design and extensive modifications to the original sub. 
Would it be possible to get a small diesel motor and place it in a "hard" 
tank that bolts onto the back of a psub.  
Use it during surface operations to power the sub, then close all the 
valves ( like air intake/exhaust and water cooling in/out.) Controls for 
starting, running, monitoring like oil pressure and temperature and steering 
could be all electric using epoxied thru-hulls.  
When ready to dive, close off the hard tank and go down with the existing 
electric thrusters. 
Now, if the total weight of the "motor pod" was neutral with the water 
displacement, only the fuel usage would change the overall buoyancy of the 
sub. 
There's some nice little diesel motors out there, and maybe the pod 
wouldn't have to be very big. 
If you could get maybe 20 horse out of it, that could drive a small sub 
along pretty well on the surface. 
KEEP GOING....... 
Ok, now with a slightly bigger pod, maybe a gen-set could be added so it 
could be used to recharge your batteries while surface running. 
KEEP GOING...... 
OK, now with a little bigger pod, maybe add a compressor so you could 
recharge some HP air tanks for ballast blow. 
I wonder how realistic a "modular" design would be, where the pressure 
"control" cabin is 1 atmosphere, and the "mechanical pod" at 1 atmosphere 
but  separate from the cabin except for wiring was bolted on. It could be 
set up so that it would be jettisoned if needed. 
I'm planning on using a small outboard motor for some surface ops that 
would either be transferred to a surface support boat or just stowed inside the 
sub when I submerge, but a larger "mechanical pod" could be added with it's 
size dependant on just how much mechanical stuff you put in it.  
Much like a BIG sub where the engine room is separated with a bulkhead 
door, this pod would stay at 1 atmosphere but wouldn't need to be connected to 
the "Cabin" hull. 
 Now, if something inside needed working on, which is obviously gonna 
happen often, the hard tank "pod" would need to be designed so it's relatively 
easy to open up. A regular hinged hatch and "O" ring like the cabin hull would 
be needed, but a removable end dome so the motor could be pulled would be needed 
so you didn't have to crawl inside to work on it. A fuel tank and maybe a VBT 
could be inside, again still at 1 atmosphere to keep the whole thing neutrally 
buoyant. 
Really, the thing could be big enough to put a big 360 V8 diesel in there. 
Whoa!!!!! water skiing behind your sub !! 
Seriously though, I wonder how realistic it would be to add a small "pod" 
to pretty much ANY small sub if the pod was basically self contained and the 
attachment was able to not interfere with the original sub in terms of balance 
and maneuvering. 
Just dreamin' here. Frank D. 
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